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André Morellet (7 March 1727 – 12 January 1819) was a French economist writer and contributor to the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers''.〔(Frank Arthur Kafker: ''Notices sur les auteurs des 17 volumes de « discours » de l'Encyclopédie Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie.'' Année (1990) Volume 8 Numéro 8, p. 106 )〕 He was one of the last of the ''philosophes'', and in this character he figures in many memoirs, such as those of Madame de Rémusat. He was born at Lyon, and educated by the Jesuits there, and later at the Sorbonne. He took holy orders, but without much conviction. Voltaire called him "''L'Abbé Mords-les''" ("''Father Bite-them''"), because of his ready and biting wit. His most notable works were a smart pamphlet in answer to Charles Palissot's scurrilous play ''Les Philosophes'' (which procured him a short stay in the Bastille for an alleged libel on Palissot's patroness, the princesse de Robecq), and a reply to Ferdinando Galiani's ''Commerce des blés'' (1770). In 1765, Morellet produced a French translation of ''On Crimes and Punishments''. His translation was widely criticized for the liberties he took with the text. He was a contributor to the Encyclopédie and a friend of Benjamin Franklin. Later, he made himself useful in quasi-diplomatic communications with English statesmen, and was pensioned and also elected a member of the Académie française in 1785. A year before his death in Paris, he brought out four volumes of ''Mélanges de littérature et de philosophie du XVIIIe siècle'', composed chiefly of selections from his former publications, and after his death appeared his valuable ''Mémoires sur le XVIIIe siècle et la Révolution'' (2 vols., 1821). His semi-satirical translation of Nicolau Aymerich's ''Directorium Inquisitorum'' was an influencing factor in the cessation of some of the Roman Catholic Church's more inquisitorial practices. ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「André Morellet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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